APA 6th Edition Citation Style: In-text citation: Author (s)

• List all the authors in the signal phrase or in parentheses the first time you cite the source.

• Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text and use the ampersand in parentheses.

Example:
(Kernis, Cornell, Sun, Berry, & Harlow, 1993)

• In subsequent citations, only use the first author's last name followed by "et al." in the signal phrase or in parentheses.

Example:
(Kernis et al., 1993)

• Use the first author's name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in parentheses.

Example:
Harris et al. (2001) argued...
(Harris et al., 2001)

• If the work does not have an author, cite the source by its title in the signal phrase or use the first word or two in the parentheses.
• Titles of books and reports are italicized; titles of articles, chapters, and web pages are in quotation marks.
• APA style calls for capitalizing important words in titles when they are written in the text (but not when they are written in reference lists).

Example:
 ("Using References," 2001).

• If the author is an organization, mention the organization in the signal phrase or in the parenthetical citation the first time you cite the source.

Example:
According to the American Psychological Association (2000), ...

• If the organization has a well-known abbreviation, include the abbreviation in brackets the first time the source is cited and then use only the abbreviation in later citations.

Example:
First citation: (Holy Spirit University of Kaslik [USEK], 2020)
Second citation: (USEK, 2020)

• When your parenthetical citation includes two or more works, order them the same way they appear in the reference list (sorted alphabetically), separated by a semi-colon.

Example:
(Berndt, 2002; Harlow, 1983)

• When your parenthetical citation includes two or more works from the same author, list the years of publication in sequence, with the earliest first. Provide in-press citations last. Only list author’s last name once for each list of dates. 

Example:
(Hoffa, 1956, 1962, 1975)

• Following this pattern, multiple works from multiple authors can be included within a single parenthetical. Separate authors' sources with a semicolon.

• Note, however, that the authors' names should be provided in the order they appear in the reference list regardless of when their sources were published.

Example:
(Jones, 2010, 2018, in press; Smith, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006; Zepf, 2019)

• To prevent confusion, use first initials with the last names.

Example:
(E. Johnson, 2001; L. Johnson, 1998)

• If you have two sources by the same author in the same year, use lower-case letters (a, b, c) with the year to order the entries in the reference list. Use the lower-case letters with the year in the in-text citation.

Example:
Research by Berndt (1981a) illustrated that...

• When citing an Introduction, Preface, Foreword, or Afterword in-text, cite the appropriate authors and year as usual.

 Example:
(Funk & Kolln, 1992)